Category: Political Science Assignment Help

When a country does not comply with the minimum standards for eliminating human trafficking, it is essential for the international community to take action. Here are some steps that can be taken:

1. Raise awareness: The international community should work together to raise awareness about the issue of human trafficking in non-compliant countries. This can be done through media campaigns, education programs, and diplomatic efforts to ensure that the gravity of the problem is recognized.
2. Diplomatic pressure: Governments, international organizations, and NGOs can put diplomatic pressure on non-compliant countries to take action against human trafficking. This can involve diplomatic protests, economic sanctions, or the imposition of other consequences to encourage compliance.
3. Capacity building: The international community can provide technical assistance and resources to non-compliant countries to help them strengthen their capacity to combat human trafficking. This can include training law enforcement officials, judges, and prosecutors and supporting the establishment of effective anti-trafficking measures and institutions.
4. Collaboration and cooperation: International cooperation is crucial in addressing human trafficking. The international community should encourage collaboration between countries to share best practices, intelligence, and data on trafficking networks. This can be facilitated through bilateral or multilateral agreements and partnerships.
5. Support for victims: Non-compliant countries may lack adequate victim support services. The international community should assist in establishing and funding shelters, counseling services, and legal aid for trafficking victims. It is important to prioritize the protection and rehabilitation of survivors.
6. Economic incentives: The international community can offer economic incentives to non-compliant countries to encourage them to take action against human trafficking. This can include trade agreements, development aid, or preferential treatment in international forums, contingent upon their efforts to meet the minimum standards for eliminating human trafficking.
7. Monitoring and reporting: The international community should monitor and report on the progress made by non-compliant countries in combating human trafficking. This can involve regular assessments, evaluations, and public reporting to hold governments accountable for their actions or lack thereof.
8. Engaging civil society: Civil society organizations are vital in combating human trafficking. The international community should support and empower local NGOs and grassroots movements in non-compliant countries to advocate for change, provide services to survivors, and raise awareness within their communities.

It is important to note that each situation is unique, and the approach taken may vary depending on the specific context and circumstances. The international community should collaborate and adapt its strategies to address the particular challenges posed by non-compliant countries in their fight against human trafficking.

What sanctions can be put into place against these countries? 

When addressing countries that do not comply with minimum standards for eliminating human trafficking, the international community can consider implementing various sanctions. Here are some examples:

1. Diplomatic measures: Diplomatic sanctions can include downgrading or suspending diplomatic relations, recalling ambassadors, refusing to grant visas to government officials implicated in human trafficking, or failing to address the issue adequately. These actions can send a strong message and isolate the non-compliant country diplomatically.
2. Economic sanctions: Economic measures can put pressure on non-compliant countries. These may include trade restrictions, targeted sanctions on individuals or entities involved in human trafficking, freezing assets, or imposing financial penalties. Economic sanctions can have a significant impact on a country’s economy and can incentivize compliance.
3. Aid and development assistance: The international community can condition financial aid and development assistance on a country’s efforts to combat human trafficking. This can involve tying aid disbursement or specific projects to improvements in anti-trafficking measures. By leveraging economic assistance, countries can be encouraged to prioritize and invest in anti-trafficking initiatives.
4. Arms embargo: If a non-compliant country is involved in or facilitates human trafficking through armed groups or security forces, the imposition of an arms embargo can be considered. This would restrict the flow of weapons and military equipment to the country, making it harder for those involved in trafficking to operate or perpetrate violence.
5. Travel restrictions and bans: Travel restrictions can be imposed on government officials or individuals implicated in human trafficking, denying them entry into other countries or freezing their travel assets. This can limit their ability to engage in illicit activities or seek refuge in foreign jurisdictions.
6. Multilateral actions: The international community can collectively collaborate to impose sanctions through multilateral organizations, such as the United Nations or regional bodies. This can increase the impact and effectiveness of the measures and create a unified front against non-compliant countries.

It is important to note that sanctions should be implemented judiciously, considering the potential impact on the general population and vulnerable groups. Care should be taken to minimize unintended consequences and ensure that the measures are targeted at those responsible for human trafficking rather than causing harm to innocent civilians.

Sanctions should also be accompanied by engagement and support mechanisms to encourage compliance, provide a pathway for countries to improve their practices, and offer assistance in building capacity to combat human trafficking effectively.

Accepting gratuities, such as a cup of coffee, can be a complex issue, and whether it is considered corruption or should be allowed depends on various factors and perspectives. Here are some points to consider when discussing this topic:

Acceptance of Gratuities

1. Definition of Corruption: Corruption typically involves the abuse of power or position for personal gain or to undermine the integrity of a system. It often includes bribery, embezzlement, or nepotism, among other unethical practices. Whether accepting a cup of coffee falls within the definition of corruption can be subjective and context-dependent.
2. Nature and Value of the Gratuity: Assessing the impact of accepting a cup of coffee as a gratuity requires considering its nature, value, and potential influence. If the value of the gratuity is negligible and unlikely to affect professional judgment or decision-making, some argue that it may not be considered corruption. However, the perception of impropriety or the potential for conflicts of interest should still be considered.
3. Ethical Standards and Codes of Conduct: Many professional organizations and institutions have established ethical standards and codes of conduct that guide accepting gratuities. These guidelines often encourage professionals to avoid accepting gifts or favors that could compromise their objectivity, independence, or impartiality. Adhering to these standards helps maintain public trust and the profession’s integrity.
4. Systemic Impact and Fairness: Accepting gratuities can raise concerns about fairness and equal treatment. If some professionals accept such benefits while others do not, it can create inequalities within the system. It can also create the perception that preferential treatment is given to those who offer gratuities, potentially undermining trust in the integrity of the profession or institution.
5. Transparency and Disclosure: In some situations, accepting minor gratuities may be permissible if they are transparently disclosed and have no significant influence on decision-making. Transparent disclosure can help mitigate concerns about impropriety and maintain accountability.
6. Legal and Organizational Policies: Legal and organizational policies may provide specific guidelines regarding accepting gratuities. Professionals should familiarize themselves with these policies and follow them accordingly to ensure compliance with the law and maintain professional ethics.

In conclusion, accepting gratuities like a cup of coffee can be seen as a potential ethical concern, but categorizing it as corruption depends on various factors. Professional standards, ethical codes, the nature and value of the gratuity, transparency, and the impact on fairness and trust all play a role in determining whether it should be allowed. It is important for individuals and organizations to carefully consider these factors and establish clear guidelines to maintain the integrity of the profession or institution and uphold public trust.

Interest groups play a significant role in shaping public policy by advocating for the interests and concerns of specific sectors or constituencies. This paper aims to analyze the role and impact of interest groups in policymaking processes. It will explore how interest groups exert influence, their involvement’s potential benefits and drawbacks, and the implications for democratic governance.

I. Understanding Interest Groups: a. Definition and Types: Define interest groups and describe the different types, such as business associations, advocacy organizations, professional associations, and labor unions. Explain how interest groups form to represent specific issues, industries, professions, or communities.

b. Goals and Objectives: Discuss the primary goals and objectives of interest groups, including influencing public policy, shaping legislation, promoting specific agendas, and advancing the interests of their members or constituents.

II. Mechanisms of Influence: a. Lobbying: Examine the practice of lobbying, which involves direct interaction with policymakers to advocate for specific policies or legislation. Discuss interest groups‘ methods to influence policymakers, such as providing information, expertise, campaign contributions, and building relationships.

b. Public Campaigns and Advocacy: Explore how interest groups utilize public campaigns, grassroots organizing, and media strategies to raise awareness, mobilize public support, and pressure policymakers to address their concerns.

c. Litigation and Legal Action: Explain how interest groups may resort to litigation and legal action to challenge existing policies, regulations, or laws that contradict their interests. Analyze the impact of court decisions on policymaking and subsequent legislative responses.

III. Impact on Policymaking: a. Influence on Policy Formulation: Assess the extent to which interest groups shape the development of policies by providing input, expertise, and alternative proposals during the policymaking process. Discuss how policymakers may rely on interest groups for information and perspectives.

b. Access and Representation: Analyze the impact of interest groups on democratic representation. Examine whether interest groups enhance or undermine the representation of diverse interests and perspectives in policymaking, considering the potential for unequal access and the dominance of certain groups.

c. Policy Outcomes and Implementation: Evaluate the influence of interest groups on policy outcomes and the subsequent implementation process. Discuss how interest groups may contribute to the success or failure of policies through their advocacy efforts, ability to mobilize resources, and influence public opinion.

IV. Benefits and Challenges: a. Benefits of Interest Group Involvement: Examine the potential benefits of interest group involvement in policymaking, such as promoting citizen participation, amplifying marginalized voices, providing expertise, and fostering policy innovation.

b. Challenges and Concerns: Address the challenges and concerns associated with interest group influence, including potential bias, unequal representation, excessive corporate influence, and the risk of policy capture. Discuss how these challenges can impact the democratic legitimacy and fairness of policymaking processes.

V. Regulation and Accountability: a. Regulatory Measures: Discuss existing regulatory measures to promote transparency, accountability, and ethical behavior in interest group activities, such as lobbying disclosure requirements, campaign finance regulations, and revolving door restrictions.

b. Balancing Competing Interests: Examine strategies for balancing the influence of different interest groups and ensuring a fair and inclusive policymaking process. Discuss mechanisms to mitigate the undue influence of certain groups while promoting the participation of diverse stakeholders.

VI. Conclusion: Summarize the key findings regarding the role and impact of interest groups in policymaking. Emphasize the complex nature of their influence, the potential benefits, and the challenges that must be addressed to maintain democratic integrity and effective governance.

You should do this assignment to show that you truly understand what effective human relationships are all about and how they affect others in your team, company, community, and worldwide. Everyone makes a difference in one way or another. You will not find the answer directly in the library database, so think critically about what you found and how to apply it.

What is equity, and how can you apply the concept that equity is not about equality in your life with specific examples?

(Part 1) DUE Wednesday: After studying Chapter 12 and doing research in a minimum of 250 words, be as thorough as you can: 

(a) What is equity, and how can you apply the concept of equity is it not about equality in your life with specific examples?

(b) What is diversity, and what are the benefits of diversity in the workplace and your personal life? Please use specific examples. 

(c) How can employers use the ideas of Chapter 12 to make sure they benefit from the concept of inclusion to achieve organizational goals?

(d) What examples have you seen or heard of (or used research) for how companies apply Equity, Diversity, and inclusion programs?

(e) What was your favourite and largest learning from this class?

Easy Length tips–To answer these topics completely, it takes a minimum of 350 words. 

       – no plagiarism. no outside sources. –

• Topic 1:  What is the conservative argument against abortion? What is the liberal argument for allowing access to abortion? Why is personhood such an important concept in the abortion debate? Which view do you find most plausible and why?
• Topic 2: Which view of sexual behavior (conventional, liberal, or moderate) comes closest to your own perspective? What are your reasons for favoring it?

• Explain how privacy can be legally protected. Summarize the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 (ECPA). Discuss the “intrusion into seclusion” concept.
• Describe the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).
• Summarize the three issues pertaining to marketing ethically.
• After posting your original response (at least 75-100 words per question), read other postings and post a response to at least two classmates (at least 75 words) using the following ABC Approach.

For this assignment, assume you are the new Secretary of Homeland Security. You are drafting a Policy Document referred to as a “White Paper” for the Biden Administration to highlight the impact of open/closed borders in the age of COVID-19 on migration, asylum seekers, and economic recovery. In this white paper, consider the following to frame your paper. 

• Define what YOU believe an “OPEN” vs “CLOSED” border means, especially when dealing with asylum seekers. A reminder that you can provide your opinion without using “I think” or something similar.
• How do you believe illegal migrants can be treated humanely and with dignity/inclusion?
• How does an “open” vs a “closed” border impact the United States economy?
• What are your recommendations for the next 12-24 months on specific steps the new administration needs to take?  

DO NOT answer this as if it is a four Question Exam. This is a WHITE PAPER and is a single narrative framed by these questions, but do NOT use first person (I statement). There are four distinct sections:

Executive Summary: No More than 250 words

Background

Discussion

Recommendations 

Please use the template provided for this assignment. In addition, to help you with this assignment please consider the following references:  

Tips for Writing Policy Papers 

White Papers and Briefing Books

Technical Requirements

• Your paper must be at least 5-7 double spaced pages (the Title and Reference pages do not count towards the minimum limit).
• Scholarly and credible references should be used. A good rule of thumb is at least 2 scholarly sources per page of content. Therefore, at least 5 sources are required for this assignment.
• Type in Times New Roman, 12 point and double space.
• Students will follow the current APA Style as the sole citation and reference style used in written work submitted as part of coursework. 
• Points will be deducted for the use of Wikipedia or encyclopedic-type sources. It is highly advised to utilize books, peer-reviewed journals, articles, archived documents, etc.

Introduction

The Law

The Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution reads, “In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense” (1).

Application Of The Sixth Amendment And COVID-19

The Speedy Trial Act of 1974 and state laws guide as to the number of days to bring a defendant to trial before this right is violated. A prosecutor may work around the “speedy trial clock” if they can show good cause for a delay, or if a defendant agrees to waive the right. One reason for the right to a speedy trial is to prevent a defendant from being held in custody only to find out that the defendant was innocent. An innocent citizen who is incarcerated in violation of the Sixth Amendment right to a speedy trial violates due process rights (2).

The Facts

Ben was indicted on 24 state counts of possession of fentanyl, intending to distribute near an elementary school, and federal racketeering charges in September 2019. While Ben sat in jail, his attorney was able to delay his jury trial a few times so he could gather witnesses for Ben’s defense. In March 2020, Ben’s attorney submitted a motion to dismiss the charges for violating Ben’s Sixth Amendment right to a speedy trial. The hearing was set for March 28. On March 15, the Governor of the state ordered all courts to close and suspended jury trials due to public safety concerns over COVID-19. Ben did not get his hearing and remained in jail.

Research the Federal Speedy Trial Act and its requirements.

Research the law in your home state pertaining to the number of days a defendant may be held in jail, consistent with the requirements of the Sixth Amendment, for a felony and misdemeanor charge.

Read United States v. Olsen [PDF].

Instructions

Write a one-page explanation of whether Ben’s Sixth Amendment right to a speedy trial was violated, based on your understanding of the law and the 9th Circuit Appellate Court case, United States v. Olsen.

Paper Formatting

Double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with 1-inch margins on all sides.

References

U.S. Const. amend. 6.

Speedy Trial Act of 1974, 18 U.S.C. § 3161 et seq (1974).

Kennedy F Kennedy and Pericles Leadership

Similarities and Comparison between the Leadership of John F. Kennedy and Pericles

John F Kennedy was the 35^th U.S commander in chief who served between 1961 and 1963. Kennedy was assassinated in controversial circumstances in 1963 while still in power as the American president. His death raised various issues among American citizen where most of them thought that racists groups planned his death. Kennedy defeated Richard Nixon who was the Republican Party flag bearer during the presidential election of 1961. As a result, Nixon was arrested following the death of Kennedy, but later he was proven not guilty of the crime after William McKinley claimed to be the sole assassin of the president. Kennedy made creative history in America as the second youngest American president to be elected to the president’s office and as the first president of United state born in the 20^th century. Also, he was a military commander of United States who fought in the front line during the Second World War. When Kenney becomes the president, he was against communism, which was rampant during his leadership. In addition, at the time when he became the president of the United States, the Cold War was at its climax. USSR was advocating for communism while the United States was aggressively for capitalism. Thus, Kennedy backed and funded the war in other nations especially in Asian continent including the Vietnam War (Rabe, 2014). When Kennedy becomes the president of United States, he openly rejected communism and encouraged American and the world to embrace capitalism. The life achievements and courage of Kennedy has many similarities and difference to ancient famous statesmanship Pericles.

Just like Kennedy, Pericles was one of the most influential leaders in ancient Greece who ruled during the time of golden of age between 495- 429 BC. He was the remarkable figure in the history of Greece as he contributed greatly on the wars of Persian and Peloponnesian. Pericles comes from the noble family of Alcmaeonid family. History recognizes him because when he ruled Athens between 461-429 BC, historian recognizes it as the age of Pericles (Lavdas, 2015). Despite his victory in a war that made the Athens capture different cities, he encourages togetherness to the residence of Athens. Athens contribute greatly to literature since his principle are used no determine the culture and social life of the ancient Greeks. His project made the city of the Athens popular during the age of golden because he made Athens a democracy. Pericles was a philosopher and military personnel before he raised to power. Moreover, while in power, Pericles succeeded in many battles in Greece in the early stages of his leadership. It is because he had a strong army established on the ground of populism that he was able to be successful. After the plague attacked most of Athenian, he subsequently lost his power and was defeated by Egypt. He succumbed in 429 BC after two of his sons died out of the plague. Most of his principle diminished after his deaths.

John Kennedy and Pericles were similar because they were both populist leaders. After the election, Kennedy asked American citizens to have the sense of devotedness. In his inaugurations speech, he asked the American not to look at ‘what the country can do for them but to find the thing that they can do for their country.’ He asked the American to join and fight tyranny, poverty, disease, and war, which were the major challenges in America and the rest of the world. During his reign, he strengthens the domestic and foreign policies. Some of the domestic achievement that he made includes promoting the health care and funding the education and medical care for the aged. Kennedy abolished the death penalty in the federal law of the state. During his reign, he abolished the racial discrimination and signed Civil Right Act of 1964 (Logsdon, 2010). Thus, his domestic achievement looks similar to the achievement of Pericles. For instance, Pericles believed and encouraged his follower to be communist. Most of his achievements were as a result of his act of encouraging the citizen of Athens to work together as the group. He encourages solidarity among the people in all events and circumstance of life. The military of the Athens become stronger because of the Pericles issue on democracy. Pericles subsidized the fine injury to poor citizens as a sense of humility and ensuring equality in the society. His speech assures people celebration of democracy in Athens (Taylor, 2010).  

Kennedy became the President of America when racial discrimination had heightened. While he objected of the vice, his opponent Nixon was a strong attacker of racial movement. He strongly supported the civil right and encouraged equality among all the American citizens. He helped the poor and subsidized the tax paid by the poor. Through his presidency, the civil right movement was fighting for the end of segregation that existed in the United States between the black and whites. Kennedy as the president of United States interacted with the blacks freely and addressed issues advocated by civil right movements (Bostdorff & Ferris, 2014). He was against alienation of the southern voters as evidenced by former commanders in chief. The act of Kennedy helping the minority and the oppressed groups in America is similar to the Pericles leadership. Most of the Athenian wanted a change from the traditional leadership, which mistreated the poor and the minority. Pericles worked as the philosopher for a long time and accumulated a lot of wealth. When he became the Athenian leader, he shared some of his wealth to the poor, making his state strong.

The cold war between USSR and America height during the reign of Kennedy. America was against any other nuclear attack due to its massive destruction. Kennedy strengthened foreign policy and did various accomplishment to ensure that war is not the solution. He supported the West Berlin to ensure that the Soviet Union does not build Berlin wall. He signed nuclear ban treaty to ensure no other nuclear bomb attack will ever happen in the world. He initiated the security ties with Israel since it was near Soviets Union communist territory, to hold Russia from any further destruction in a war that was going on in many countries in Asia. He created the Peace Corps to ensure there is peace in underdeveloped countries (Carty, 2016). Similarly, Pericles used his intelligence to govern the people and the surrounding empires. The battle between Athens and Sparta, become successful since he used ostracism. Ostracism was the Athenian democratic law that illustrated that any citizen thought to betray the city can be expelled from the city for ten years. For instance, Cimon was expelled from the city since he was alleged to side with Sparta to attack the city. After the expulsion of Cimon, he was able to exercise his policy of Marxism in his empire without any threat (Rufino, 2015). Even if he had a strong stand on neutrality, Pericles used excessive power to govern people. He expressed anger and wrath to those who temporarily opposed him. All Athenian were supposed to follow his principles to live in Athens. The contribution of Kennedy to end the Cold War and ensuring peace in the world looks similar to the contribution of Pericles to end the war in Athens to ensure that all the city residents lived peacefully.

Both leadership of John and Pericles are similar because they failed to in their effort to ensure international democracy, it leads to the rise of the cold war from their close allies. According to Lawless (2016), Athens signed thirty-year negotiation with Sparta. It also established the peace treaty with Persia and Sparta. Pericles was the overseer of this city as evidenced by Thucydides’ first book. With time, Sparta becomes unresponsive in the alliance and what followed was the cold war. The alliance later lost its meaning, and all the cities become independent. This made Pericles tyrannical as the sign of subjecting the other cities to follow his law. The Cold War flanked by the Soviets Union and the US during the time of Kennedy clearly, connects to the cold war between Athens and Sparta. This contribution of even signing the peace treaty it relates to the contribution of Kennedy to end the cold war. Although Pericles was successful in ensuring there is peace between different towns he failed toward the end of his reign. The same case happened to Kennedy since he was not successful to end cold war during his reigns.

It is difficult to separate most of the circumstances and events in the life of Kennedy and the life of Pericles. Both of them were former military men before they rise to power. Before his birth, Pericles mother had the dream that he will give birth to a lion. As the son of military father Xanthippus, who defeated Persian Amy in 489BC he was able to learn the skill of military and prosecution which he used them when he became the leader of the Greece (Lavdas, 2015). Kennedy was one of the military personnel that enabled the United States and Soviets Union to be victorious during the Second World War. Both of them were the leaders who died while still in power. The assassination of Kennedy when delivering the speech of citizenship is clear evidence that it is much related to the death of Pericles. Pericles died out of plague, which strongly attacked most of the people he was leading in Athens. Pericles and Kennedy incline a lot on the issue of their followers. 

Summary

Pericles was statesmanship of Athens in Greece. He was one of the most influential leaders in ancient leadership. The principles and philosophy of Pericles contribute a lot to the history and literature. Pericles life and leadership was much peaceful and encouraged togetherness among citizens of Athens. He fought many successful battles during the initial time in office but eventually lost to Egypt after plague attacked most of his fighters. Kennedy Kennedy was the 35^th president of U.S and the second youngest president. During his leadership, Kennedy made many achievements both domestic and foreign. In domestic, he signed the civil act in 1964 so as to end racialism. He also promoted education and health care for the elderly. He signed various peace treaties to prevent launching other nuclear attacks. His stand toward various war made the Soviets Union become their opponent. He heightened the cold war by coming up with a law that threatened soviets union. Pericles and Kennedy Kennedy initiatives and contribution related to various issues and stances. Although they lived in the different period, they were both influential leaders who fought for populism and peace among people. Both of them they asked people to work together so as ensure the growth of the states. Both of them had an aim ending poverty, and they try to ensure there is equality of all people. Both of them were the military leader who made various expeditions as to end the war. 

References

Bostdorff, D. M., & Ferris, S. H. (2014). Kennedy F. Kennedy at American University: The rhetoric of the possible, epideictic progression, and the commencement of peace. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 100(4), 407-441.

Carty, T. (2016). A Catholic in the White House? Religion, Politics, and Kennedy F. Kennedy’s Presidential Campaign. Springer.

Lavdas, K. A. (2015). Pericles and the challenge of democratic leadership (book review). European Quarterly of Political Attitudes and Mentalities, 4(4), 33-37.

Lawless, J. M. (2016). Pericles of Athens. By Vincent Azoulay. Translated by Janet Lloyd. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014. Pp. Xiv, 291. $35.00.).

Logsdon, J. M. (2010). Kennedy F. Kennedy and the Race to the Moon. In Kennedy F. Kennedy and the Race to the Moon (pp. 223-244). Palgrave Macmillan US.

Rabe, S. G. (2014). The most dangerous area in the world: Kennedy F. Kennedy confronts communist revolution in Latin America. UNC Press Books.

Rufino, S. R. (2015). Pericles of Athens. Foro Interno, 15, 207-211.

Taylor, M. (2010). Thucydides, Pericles, and the idea of Athens in the Peloponnesian War. Cambridge University Press.

Impacts of Globalization

Globalization is the process through which the world is flattering progressively consistent as result of amplified business interactions, social interactions, and exchange of ideas. Globalization has significantly impacted social, political, and economic aspects of human life. Globalization has helped to open up boundary barriers that existed in the relationship between countries in the globe. Because of opening up of the barriers, several changes have occurred in political structures, culture, education, and technology. The changes have been both positive and negative depending on the people experiencing them in different parts of the globe. This paper will explore the impacts of globalization on different aspects of human life in different parts of the world.

Impacts of Globalization

Globalization has been gradual, but it has changed how business is done in the 21^st century. Globalization has helped the world to remove trade barriers that denied international market a chance to thrive. Massive market reforms have taken place allowing the investors to venture into different markets worldwide. Elimination of barriers has enabled nations to depend on one another in an attempt to enhance their economic growth. Globalization has presented the concept of an open and unified global economy. Through globalization, the world has developed exceptional communication and transport infrastructures. Subsequently, globalization has enhanced the free flow of investment capital, people, and data movement from one part of the world to another (Ganesh et al. 2005). Technology is one of the factors that have affected heavily on growth and development of technology. Better means of communication have made it easy for people in different parts of the world to interact and transact business (Ganesh et al. 2005). Better communication tools such as mobile phones, teleconferencing, email, and spread of internet and information flow are all as a result of globalization. Moreover, new communication technology as enhanced running of international corporations in different parts of the world. For instance, it is possible to use software to run an international corporation with branches in different parts of the world. Moreover, new means of making payments have been adopted as a result of the integration of technology across the globe. The new forms of making payments are allowing international organizations to transact business while in different parts of the world without the fear of challenges in receiving payments. Moreover, improved technology has made the international market secure by implementing advanced security mechanisms. 

Opening up of market barriers has led to increased competition among nations. As a result, the level of technology has risen to meet customer’s expectations. The high customer’s expectations have made it necessary for transfer and sharing of technology among organizations and nations serving the international market. Sharing of technology has improved quality of goods and services produced and the rate of production (Muhammad et al. 2011, p. 294). New technology has helped capital-intensive companies to adapt to the market needs and contain the level of competition in the market. That has helped many companies to improve their sales and endear themselves to their customers.

Additionally, globalization has impacted heavily on the transportation technology by introducing new improved transportation machines. Free flow of goods and people in different parts of the world has been enhanced through profound means of transport. Use of fast jets, airplanes, electric trains, and ships has eased the way of doing business by enabling people to access different parts of the world easily. It is projected that about $1 billion foreign exchange dealings occurs daily with approximately $9 trillion of products handled across borders and about $2 trillion of services offered between different nations ((Muhammad et al. 2011, p.294)). New technology in the transport sector is not only helping organizations to reduce the cost of business operation but also to access different parts of the world, distribute goods and services and look for new markets.

The way of doing business has also changed significantly in the 2nd century as a result of the spread of the internet. Availability of internet as allowed global organizations to market their goods and services worldwide through online platforms. New technology platforms such as social media have changed the way business transactions conducted. Utilization of online marketing has enabled the global organization to access wide scope of customers thus increasing their sales and presence in the international market. Moreover, businesses have been able to increase interactions with their customers, which has helped most businesses to take care of customer’s needs effectively.

Impact of Globalization on Socio-Economic Structures

One of the important aspects of globalization is that it has led to a market liberalization thus widening the market for goods and services. Establishment of organizations in different parts of the world has helped to create employment opportunities for many people. The chances of employment have transformed people’s life by enhancing the standards of living. Moreover, globalization has significantly contributed to the growth of the global economy. Foreign direct investments have played an important role in spurring economic development, especially in the developing countries. The revenue raised through foreign direct investment is utilized in improving social and economic conditions of the involved nations. Moreover, the establishment of International Corporations in the developing countries has enabled the developing countries to benefit from new improved technology, which is essential for economic development.

Other than fostering economic development, globalization is blamed for increasing inequality in economic development. Globalization has aided the developed countries to exploit the least developed countries (Fougner 2006). The developed countries have the quality technology, which enables them to produce quality goods against the inferior from the least developed countries. Despite opening chances of employment in the developing countries, globalization denies the developing countries a chance to compete successfully (Hartungi 2006). Some economists feel that the peril of segregation from the growth crescendos of commercial globalization is important in the emerging markets (Huynen et al. 2005, 14). The exclusion of some of the countries from the global market has created a big disparity in the economy of the devaluing and developed countries. The richest countries that control the economy of the world are prospering while the least developed countries are lagging behind. The richest countries in the world account for 20% of the world population, but they account for 65% of the world economy (Sharma 2004, p. 29). Sharma (2004, p. 29), argues that the least developed countries account for over 70% percent of the global population, but they account for only 18% of the world economy.

Education has significantly been affected by globalization. Globalization has increased the demand for skills and knowledge to cope with new job demands. This has helped in the improvement of the education as more and more people seek to acquire the skills demanded in the job market. Moreover, learning has transformed from the traditional print method to online learning. Advancement in technology has made it possible for people to study and acquire knowledge through online learning (Huynen et al. 2005). Several learning materials are now available online, and it is possible for everyone to gain knowledge without necessary attending classes. Students can also access learning materials via online libraries in their schools. Global mobility has enabled students to have ample chances to study overseas via ‘virtual campuses’ that have been established (Huynen et al. 2005). According to Huynen et al., dispersion of innovation has allowed scholars to collect and analyze data in real time occasioning in amplified volumes of experiential data (2005).

The health sector has also benefited significantly as result of globalization. New technology in the health sector has made it possible to generate improved medicine and medical equipment to deal most of the diseases affecting the society. Global governance through organizations such as World Health Organization (WHO) and World Bank has played a significant in financing medical research, eradicating serious health problems afflicting the world and setting global policies pertinent to healthy living (Huynen et al. 2005, p.9). Moreover, new technological tools such as television, the internet, mobile phones, and others have made it possible to diffuse health information from one part of the world to the other.

Globalization has led to a proliferation of international culture through communication gadgets and personal interactions. There has been widespread of the global culture around the world. Increased interactions between nations through commerce have led to the interruption of local values, traditions, and culture of the affected nations (Pieterse 2015). Consequently, the dominant culture has been taken precedence to the detriment of the weak culture. Subsequently, exposure to a foreign culture can undermine the cultural identity of the development countries, which are the biggest recipient of a foreign culture. Intermixing of culture has made people forget their national culture through the adoption of foreign culture (Muhammad et al. 2011, p. 229). Loss of culture is viewed as one of the negative impacts of globalization on the society. Most of the nation’s especially those in developing countries are forced to adopt the western culture, which is dominant in the sphere of globalization.

Political Impacts

The global economy has also been affected significantly by globalization. To ensure peace and stability in international interaction global governance was initiated (Fuchs 2007). The power of global governance is bestowed on international institutions that pass policies that have an impact on learning local politics. The UN, IMF, WTO and World Bank are some of the organizations that are mandated with the responsibility of ensuring global policies are respected. The groups control the interaction among nations on governance, justice, labor, or political issues (Muhammad et al. 2011). International governmental organizations (IGOs) and transnational corporations (TNCs) have been tasked with the responsibility of finding solutions to the problems affecting global relations. Despite being a controversial concept, the global governance through organizations such as the TNCs set rules that are binding to all players of the global market (Fuchs 2007, p. 2). Some of the policies advanced by global governance influence the political decision-making in some countries.

Moreover, the autonomy of a nation is lost when the market become open to all global players. Globalization led to market treaties that deprive a nation its autonomy to make political decisions such as restriction of international market (Yeates 2002, p. 71). The increase increased liberalization of the market cause nations to lose some sense of autonomy.

Globalization phenomenal impact on the current state of the world economy. Elimination of market barriers made it possible to increase mass production of goods and services. Technology in the communication, transport and security has improved as a result of globalization. Despite being blamed for inequality in the development and cultural erosion, the role of globalization in development has been fundamental. The world has evolved and changed the way business is conducted in the world.

References

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Ganesh, S, Zoller, H & Cheney, G 2005, Transforming resistance, broadening our boundaries: Critical organizational communication meets globalization from below. Communication Monographs, vol. 72, no. 2, pp. 169-191.

Hartungi, R 2006, Could developing countries take the benefit of globalization. International Journal of Social Economics, vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 728-743.

Huynen, MM, Martens, P & Hilderink, HB 2005, The health impacts of globalization: A conceptual framework. Globalization and Health, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 14.

Muhammad, AC, Faheem, MA, Dost, MKB, & Abdullah, I 2011, Globalization and its impacts on the world economic development. International Journal of Business and Social Science, vol. 23, no. 2.

Pieterse, JN 2015, Globalization and culture: Global mélange, Rowman & Littlefield.

Sharma, S 2004, Impact of globalization on world society. In Academic Forum (Vol. 22, p. 05).

Yeates, N 2002, Globalization and social policy: From global neoliberal hegemony to global political pluralism. Global Social Policy, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 69-91.